三昧

([lang id =1028]三昧地) Samādhi, "putting together, composing the mind, intent contemplation, perfect absorption, union of the meditator with the object of meditation." (M. W.) Also [lang id =1028]三摩地 ([lang id =1028]三摩提, [lang id =1028]三摩帝, [lang id =1028]三摩底). Interpreted by [lang id =1028]定 or [lang id =1028]正定, the mind fixed and undisturbed; by [lang id =1028]正受 correct sensation of the object contemplated; by [lang id =1028]調直定 ordering and fixing the mind; by [lang id =1028]正心行處 the condition when the motions of the mind are steadied and harmonized with the object; by [lang id =1028]息慮凝心 the cessation of distraction and the fixation of the mind; by [lang id =1028]等持 the mind held in equilibrium; by [lang id =1028]奢摩他, i.e. [lang id =1028]止息 to stay the breathing. It is described as concentration of the mind (upon an object). The aim is [lang id =1028]解脫, mukti, deliverance from all the trammels of life, the bondage of the passions and reincarnations. It may pass from abstraction to ecstasy, or rapture, or trance. Dhyāna [lang id =1028]定 represents a simpler form of contemplation; samāpatti [lang id =1028]三摩鉢底 a stage further advanced; and samādhi the highest stage of the Buddhist equivalent for Yoga, though Yoga is considered by some as a Buddhist development differing from samādhi. The [lang id =1028]翻譯名義 says: [lang id =1028]思專 when the mind has been concentrated, then [lang id =1028]志一不分 the will is undivided; when [lang id =1028]想寂 active thought has been put to rest, then [lang id =1028]氣虛神朗 the material becomes etherealized and the spirit liberated, on which [lang id =1028]智 knowledge, or the power to know, has free course, and there is no mystery into which it cannot probe. Cf. [lang id =1028]智度論 5, 20, 23, 28; [lang id =1028]止觀 2; [lang id =1028]大乘義章 2, 9, 1 3, 20, etc. There are numerous kinds and degrees of samādhi.

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又名三摩提， 或三摩地， 華譯為正定， 即離諸邪亂， 攝心不散的意思。